Palabras clave
Envejecimiento
Mortalidad
Cuidados críticos
Pronóstico Aged
Aging
Mortality
Critical care
Prognosis
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: El aumento en la expectativa de vida en la población se traduce en la mayor posibilidad para el anciano de requerir ingreso a cuidado intensivo, no se ha medido en población colombiana el desenlace y curso clínico de los octogenarios en enfermedad crítica. Objetivo: Describir el curso clínico de los pacientes octogenarios que ingresaron a cuidado intensivo en 2015. Metodología: Estudio descriptivo observacional. Incluyó todos los octogenarios ingresados a cuidado intensivo durante 2015, se midieron variables clínicas, demográficas, epidemiológicas, estancia, soportes avanzados y estado vital al egreso. Resultados: Se incluyeron 129 octogenarios, 97 (76,38%) egresaron vivos de cuidado intensivo con mortalidad del 22.8% (n=29). La sobrevida al final de la estancia hospitalaria fue 66% (n=85). El análisis multivariado mostró que las variables edad, ventilación mecánica y uso de vasopresores están asociadas de manera significativa con super vivencia en cuidado intensivo. Conclusiones: Se requieren estudios locales que evalúen la calidad de vida al egreso, validen las escalas de autocuidado y autosuficiencia, también estudios de evaluación de costos y uso de recursos en ancianos, así como ampliar los conocimientos en geriatría, cuidado paliativo, cuidados de fin de vida, bioética, alcance de soportes vitales, reanimación cardiopulmonar y el cuidado intensivo para el paciente anciano. Tener directrices anticipatorias en paciente octogenario y decisiones de fin de vida, previos al ingreso a cuidado intensivo o el establecimiento de un plan de cuidado permite dirigir las terapias buscando evitar la futilidad en el manejo.
Citas
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