Palabras clave
Hígado Graso
Cirrosis Hepática
Resistencia a la insulina
Síndrome X Metabólico Gastroenterology
Fatty liver
Liver cirrhosis
Insulin resistance
Metabolic Syndrome X
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: la enfermedad hepática grasa no alcohólica NAFLD (del inglés Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease) o hígado graso, es un término que abarca muchas condiciones clínico-patológicas. Presenta una prevalencia global aproximada del 20 al 30% en adultos y hasta el 75% en pacientes obesos; es más frecuente en mujeres y la mayoría de pacientes se diagnostican entre los 40 y 50 años. El hígado graso está directamente asociado con dislipidemia y resistencia a la insulina. Objetivo: determinar la presentación de resistencia a la insulina y su asociación con la enfermedad grasa no alcohólica. Metodología: se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes con diagnóstico de hígado graso que asistieron a consulta externa del servicio de hepatología de la clínica universitaria Colombia y un servicio de hepatología de uno de los autores durante el periodo comprendido entre el 1 de enero de 2009 y el 31 de mayo de 2014. Resultados: se revisaron retrospectivamente las historias clínicas de 162 pacientes con diagnóstico de hígado. 51.2% hombres y 48.8% mujeres con edad promedio de consulta de 48.5 años. El factor de riesgo más frecuente fue la dislipidemia con 39,5%, seguidos de obesidad, hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus y enfermedad coronaria. 55.5% de pacientes presentaron un índice HOMA > 3. Conclusiones: la dislipidemia continúa siendo el factor de riesgo más importante para la presentación de hígado graso. El índice de resistencia a la insulina tiene una alta asociación con enfermedad grasa hepática no alcohólica y proponemos su utilización para detección temprana de hígado graso en pacientes con 1 o más factores del SM.
Citas
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