Palabras clave
Autoantígenos
Inmunoterapia
Anticuerpos antineoplásicos
Linfocitos T reguladores
Antígenos tumorales AIRE genes
Autoantigens
Immunotherapy
Antineoplasic antibodies
Regulatory T cells
Tumoral antigens
Cómo citar
Resumen
Los linfocitos T de nuestro sistema inmune tienen la capacidad de reconocer potenciales amenazas para el organismo, tanto extrínsecas como intrínsecas. Algunas de estas células tienen cierto grado de reactividad contra antígenos propios, lo cual les permite modular la respuesta inmune contra células propias (regulando así la aparición de autoinmunidad) y contra células neoplásicas (como parte esencial de la respuesta antitumoral). Este grupo de linfocitos, denominados bajo la categoría de linfocitos T reguladores (Treg) son modulados a su vez por la actividad génica, siendo de forma típica la relación con el gen AIRE, a través del cual se puede codificar la expresión de factores de transcripción esenciales para sus funciones inmunorreguladoras. Recientemente se han descrito dos posibles vías para esta regulación mediada por el gen AIRE, una vía AIRE-dependiente y otra AIRE-independiente, y con el conocimiento de estas vías moleculares se abren posibilidades de inhibir o sobreestimular su expresión, pudiendo llegar a ser la clave para la mejora de la inmunoterapia anticancerosa. Este documento revisa estos fundamentos teóricos de las terapias antitumorales mediadas por linfocitos T.
Citas
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