Abstract
Ascariasis is caused by Ascaris Lumbricoides, the largest and one of the most common helminths responsible for parasitic infections in humans. This condition has a worldwide distribution with a higher prevalence in developing countries as well as in tropical and subtropical regions. This roundworm infection is usually asymptomatic hence the diagnosis is not made until patients reach a late stage with heavier load of parasites. This report describes a case of a patient coming from a rural area in Colombia, consulting with abdominal symptoms. The diagnosis was made using colonoscopy, with findings of intestinal ascariasis.
References
OMS. La Organización Mundial de la Salud y un conjunto de colaboradores dan a conocer un nuevo plan coordinado para tratar a millones de personas que sufren enfermedades tropicales desatendidas, Nota para los redactores. Organización Mundial de la Salud. 2006.
OMS. Water Related Diseases. Ascariasis. Organización Mundial de la Salud. 2001.
Murray P. Medical Microbiology. Ediorial Elsevier, seventh edition. Capítulo 83, pags 778-795. 2013
Kalyan Kanneganti, Jasbir S. Makker, and Prospere Remy. Ascaris lumbricoides: To Expect the Unexpected during a Routine Colonoscopy. Case Reports in Medicine, vol. 2013, Article ID 579464, 4 pages, 2013 https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/579464
M. K. Jang and K. S. Lee. Images in clinical medicine. Ascariasis. The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 358, article e16, 2008 https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMicm054199
Sharma UK, Rauniyar RK, Bhatta N. Roundworm infestation presenting as acute abdomen in four cases-sonographic diagnosis. Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2005; 3: 87-90.
Medina A. Intestinal Obstruction in a 3-Year-Old Girl by Ascaris lumbricoides Infestation: Case Report and Review of the Literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2015 Apr;94(16):e655 https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000000655
Umetsu S, Sogo T, Iwasawa K, et al. Intestinal ascariasis at pediatric emergency room in a developed country. World Journal of Gastroenterology: WJG. 2014;20(38):14058-14062 https://doi.org/10.3748/wjg.v20.i38.14058
Peker K, Kilic K. Endoscopic diagnosis in Ascaris lumbricoides case with pyloric obstruction. Turkiye Parazitol Derg. 2011;35:210-3. https://doi.org/10.5152/tpd.2011.53
CDC. Parasites - Ascariasis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2013
KENNETH J, et al. Intestinal Nematodes. Sherris Medical Microbiology, Sixth Edition. Eds. KENNETH J. RYAN and C. GEORGE RAY. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2014
Levinson W. Nematodes. In Levinson W (Eds), Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, 13e. 2014
Spitzer ED. Infectious Diseases. In: Laposata M. eds. Laboratory Medicine: The Diagnosis of Disease in the Clinical Laboratory. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2014
Leder K, Weller P. Ascariasis. Uptodate. 2015
Khuroo MS. Ascariasis. In: Weinstock JV, editor. Gastroenterology Clinics of North America: Parasitic Diseases of the Liver and Intestines. Vol. 25. No. 3. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1996. p. 553-77 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0889-8553(05)70263-6
Rosenthal PJ. Clinical Pharmacology of the Antihelminthic Drugs. In: Katzung BG, Trevor AJ. eds. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, 13e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2015
Weller PF, Nutman TB. Chapter 217. Intestinal Nematode Infections. In: Longo DL, Fauci AS, Kasper DL, Hauser SL, Jameson J, Loscalzo J. eds. Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2012
Bennett, J. Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. 288 Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms). Editorial Elsevier, 8° edición. 2015. Pags. 3094
Brooks, Geo F., et al. Jawetz, Melnick, & Adelberg's Medical Microbiology, 26e. Eds. Geo F. Brooks, et al. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, 2013. Capítulo 46: Medical Parasitology.
Wright SW, Jack M. Chapter 21. Tropical Medicine.In: Knoop KJ, Stack LB, Storrow AB, Thurman R.eds.The Atlas of Emergency Medicine, 3e. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2010
Degarege, Abraham et al. Association between intestinal helminth infections and underweight among school children in Tikur Wuha Elementary School, Northwestern Ethiopia. Journal of Infection and Public Health, Volume 6 , Issue 2, 125 - 133 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2012.11.008
A. Degarege, A. Animut, G. Medhin, M. Legesse and B. Erko. The association between multiple intestinal helminth infections and blood group, anaemia and nutritional status in human populations from Dore Bafeno, southern Ethiopia. Journal of Helminthology, 88, pp 152-159. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X12000855
OMS. Helmintiasis transmitidas por el suelo. Organización Mundial de la Salud. 2014.
Kappagoda S, Singh U, Blackburn BG. Antiparasitic Therapy. Mayo Clinic Proceedings. 2011; 86(6):561-583. https://doi.org/10.4065/mcp.2011.0203
Bourée, P. Infecciones Parasitarias del Intestino. Tratado de medicina, 2014-09-01, Volúmen 18, Número 3, Pages 1-8 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1636-5410(14)68149-6
Keiser J, Utzinger J. Efficacy of Current Drugs Against Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA. 2008;299(16):1937-1948 https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.299.16.1937
Adugna S, Kebede Y, Moges F, Tiruneh M. Efficacy of mebendazole and albendazole for Ascaris lumbricoides and hookworm infections in an area with long time exposure for antihelminthes, Northwest Ethiopia.Ethiopian medical journal 45: 301-306. 2007
Hagel I, Giusti T. Ascaris lumbricoides: An Overview of Therapeutic Targets. Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets 2010, Vol. 10, No. 5 https://doi.org/10.2174/187152610793180876
M.L. Galvan-Ramirez, N. Rivera, M.E. Loeza, X. Avila, J. Acero, R. Troyo and R. Bernal (2007). Nitazoxanide in the treatment of Ascaris lumbricoides in a rural zone of Colima, Mexico. Journal of Helminthology, 81, pp 255-259." https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022149X07747466