Palabras clave
enfermedad Zoonótica Viral
calidad de vida Monkeypox
zoonotic viral disease
quality of life
Cómo citar
Resumen
Introducción: La viruela símica supone una enfermedad zoonótica viral identificada por primera vez en 1970 en humanos, cuya incidencia ha aumentado en el año 2022 alcanzando 83.371 casos confirmados, reportados al 21 de diciembre del mismo año; llegando a países no endémicos. Se ha relacionado con síntomas como fiebre, erupción cutánea, y adenomegalias. Su mortalidad es baja, pero puede ocasionar un amplio espectro de complicaciones que afectan la calidad de vida. Objetivo: Presentar una revisión narrativa de los aspectos más relevantes de viruela símica en humanos con relación a datos epidemiológicos, fisiopatológicos, abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico, además de pronóstico y rehabilitación. Métodos: Revisión narrativa no sistemática de los artículos más relevantes sobre viruela símica en humanos en las bases de datos de Medline, ClinicalKey, UpToDate, Scopus, Embase, Google Scholar, Pubmed. Resultados: La viruela símica puede provocar un espectro de síntomas en el ser humano, desde lesiones cutáneas localizadas benignas hasta síntomas sistémicos graves, incluso la muerte. Su inusual distribución geográfica en el último año supone una infección que pone a prueba los sistemas de salud en el mundo. Conclusiones: Es fundamental conocer los aspectos más relevantes con relación a viruela símica cuyo comportamiento y distribución están cambiando constantemente, para reducir el impacto en salud pública.
Palabras clave: Viruela símica, enfermedad Zoonótica Viral, calidad de vida.
Citas
Petersen E, Kantele A, Koopmans M, et al. Human Monkeypox: Epidemiologic and Clinical Characteristics, Diagnosis, and Prevention. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2019;33(4):1027-1043. doi:10.1016/j.idc.2019.03.001
Principles for Monkeypox Control in the UK: 4 Nations Consensus Statement-GOV.UK Https://Www.Gov.Uk/Government/Publications/Principles-for-Monkeypox-Control-in-the-Uk-4-Nations-Consensus-Statement/Principles-for-Monkeypox-Co… 1/10.; 2022. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/principles-for-monkeypox-control-in-the-uk-4-nations-consensus-statement/principles-for-monkeypox-co
Gessain A, Nakoune E, Yazdanpanah Y. Monkeypox. Hardin CC, ed. New England Journal of Medicine. 2022;387(19):1783-1793. doi:10.1056/NEJMra2208860
di Giulio DB, Eckburg PB. Human monkeypox: an emerging zoonosis. Lancet Infect Dis. 2004;4(1):15-25. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(03)00856-9
Morand A, Delaigue S, Morand JJ. Review of poxvirus: emergence of monkeypox. Med Sante Trop. 2017;27(1):29-39. doi:10.1684/mst.2017.0653
Brett W. Petersen y Inger K. Damon. Ortopoxvirus: vaccinia (vacuna antivariólica), viruela, viruela del mono y viruela bovina. In: Elsevier, ed. Mandell, Douglas, Bennett. Enfermedades Infecciosas. Principios y Práctica. Vol 132. Novena edición. ; 2021:1809-1817. Accessed December 2, 2022. https://www-clinicalkey-es.sibulgem.unilibre.edu.co/#!/content/book/3-s2.0-B9788491134992001326?scrollTo=%23hl0000610
Titanji BK, Tegomoh B, Nematollahi S, Konomos M, Kulkarni PA. Monkeypox: A Contemporary Review for Healthcare Professionals. Open Forum Infect Dis. 2022;9(7). doi:10.1093/ofid/ofac310
Magnus P von, Andersen EK, Petersen KB, Birch-Andersen A. A POX-LIKE DISEASE IN CYNOMOLGUS MONKEYS. Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavica. 2009;46(2):156-176. doi:10.1111/j.1699-0463.1959.tb00328.x
Monkeypox CDNA Series of National Guidelines Monkeypox Virus Infection CDNA Interim National Guidelines for Public Health Units Monkeypox CDNA Series of National Guidelines Summary of Revision History Monkeypox CDNA Series of National Guidelines.; 2022.
UK Health Security Agency. Guidance Monkeypox: semen testing for viral DNAv. https://www.gov.uk/guidance/monkeypox-semen-testing-for-viral-dna. Published June 25, 2022. Accessed December 2, 2022. https://www.gov.uk/guidance/monkeypox-semen-testing-for-viral-dna
Government Department of Health A, Care A. Infection Prevention and Control Expert Group Interim Guidance on Monkeypox for Health Workers. Accessed December 2, 2022. https://www.health.gov.au/sites/default/files/documents/2022/09/monkeypox-virus-infection-cdna-national-guidelines-for-public-health-units-monkeypox-virus-infection-cdna-interim-national-guidelines-for-public-health-units-v2-0.pdf
CLINICAL MANAGEMENT AND INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL FOR MONKEYPOX. Accessed December 2, 2022. https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/WHO-MPX-Clinical-and-IPC-2022.1
Rimoin AW, Kisalu N, Kebela-Ilunga B, et al. Endemic Human Monkeypox, Democratic Republic of Congo, 2001–2004. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007;13(6):934-937. doi:10.3201/eid1306.061540
Singhal T, Kabra SK, Lodha R. Monkeypox: A Review. Indian J Pediatr. 2022;89(10):955-960. doi:10.1007/s12098-022-04348-0
OMS. Organización mundial de la salud (OMS). OMS. https://www.who.int/health-topics/traditional-complementary-and-integrative-medicine#tab=tab_1
World Health Organization. World Health Organization. 2022 Monkeypox Outbreak: Global Trends. Published December 2, 2022. Accessed December 2, 2022. https://www.who.int/emergencies/situations/monkeypox-oubreak-2022
Kaler J, Hussain A, Flores G, Kheiri S, Desrosiers D. Monkeypox: A Comprehensive Review of Transmission, Pathogenesis, and Manifestation. Cureus. Published online July 3, 2022. doi:10.7759/cureus.26531
Lansiaux E, Jain N, Laivacuma S, Reinis A. The virology of human monkeypox virus (hMPXV): A brief overview. Virus Res. 2022;322:198932. doi:10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198932
Johri N, Kumar D, Nagar P, Maurya A, Vengat M, Jain P. Clinical manifestations of human monkeypox infection and implications for outbreak strategy. Health Sciences Review. 2022;5:100055. doi:10.1016/j.hsr.2022.100055
Breman JG. Monkeypox: an Emerging Infection for Humans? In: Emerging Infections 4. ASM Press; 2014:45-67. doi:10.1128/9781555816971.ch5
Rao AK, Petersen BW, Whitehill F, et al. Use of JYNNEOS (Smallpox and Monkeypox Vaccine, Live, Nonreplicating) for Preexposure Vaccination of Persons at Risk for Occupational Exposure to Orthopoxviruses: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices — United States, 2022. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2022;71(22):734-742. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7122e1
Cheema AY, Ogedegbe OJ, Munir M, Alugba G, Ojo TK. Monkeypox: A Review of Clinical Features, Diagnosis, and Treatment. Cureus. Published online July 11, 2022. doi:10.7759/cureus.26756
Nolen LD, Osadebe L, Katomba J, et al. Extended Human-to-Human Transmission during a Monkeypox Outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(6):1014-1021. doi:10.3201/eid2206.150579
Damon IK. Status of human monkeypox: clinical disease, epidemiology and research. Vaccine. 2011;29:D54-D59. doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.014
okyay ramazan azim. Another Epidemic in the Shadow of Covid 19 Pandemic: A Review of Monkeypox. Eurasian J Med Oncol. Published online 2022. doi:10.14744/ejmo.2022.2022
Harris E. What to Know About Monkeypox. JAMA. 2022;327(23):2278. doi:10.1001/jama.2022.9499
Reynolds M, McCollum A, Nguete B, Shongo Lushima R, Petersen B. Improving the Care and Treatment of Monkeypox Patients in Low-Resource Settings: Applying Evidence from Contemporary Biomedical and Smallpox Biodefense Research. Viruses. 2017;9(12):380. doi:10.3390/v9120380
Patel AR, Romanelli P, Roberts B, Kirsner RS. Herpes simplex virus: a histopathologic study of the depth of herpetic wounds. Int J Dermatol. 2009;48(1):36-40. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.03788.x
Jezek Z, Szczeniowski M, Paluku KM, Mutombo M. Human Monkeypox: Clinical Features of 282 Patients. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 1987;156(2):293-298. doi:10.1093/infdis/156.2.293
Hunter JP, Saratzis A, Sutton AJ, Boucher RH, Sayers RD, Bown MJ. In meta-analyses of proportion studies, funnel plots were found to be an inaccurate method of assessing publication bias. J Clin Epidemiol. 2014;67(8):897-903. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2014.03.003
Benites-Zapata VA, Ulloque-Badaracco JR, Alarcon-Braga EA, et al. Clinical features, hospitalisation and deaths associated with monkeypox: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2022;21(1):36. doi:10.1186/s12941-022-00527-1
Jezek Z, Szczeniowski M, Paluku KM, Mutombo M, Grab B. Human monkeypox: confusion with chickenpox. Acta Trop. 1988;45(4):297-307. Accessed December 2, 2022. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2907258/
McCollum AM, Damon IK. Human Monkeypox. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2014;58(2):260-267. doi:10.1093/cid/cit703
Cho CT, Wenner HA. Monkeypox virus. Bacteriol Rev. 1973;37(1):1-18. doi:10.1128/MMBR.37.1.1-18.1973
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare GOVERNMENT OF INDIA. GUIDELINES FOR MANAGEMENT OF MONKEYPOX DISEASE Ministry of Health and Family Welfare GOVERNMENT OF INDIA 2.; 2022. Accessed December 2, 2022. https:// main.mohfw.gov.in/sites/default/files/Guidelines%20for%20
Federal Ministry of Health - Nigeria Centre for Disease Control. MONKEYPOX PUBLIC HEALTH RESPONSE GUIDELINES.; 2019. Accessed December 2, 2022. https://ncdc.gov.ng/themes/common/docs/protocols/96_1577798337.pdf
Goyal L, Ajmera K, Pandit R, Pandit T. Prevention and Treatment of Monkeypox: A Step-by-Step Guide for Healthcare Professionals and General Population. Cureus. Published online August 21, 2022. doi:10.7759/cureus.28230
Rizk JG, Lippi G, Henry BM, Forthal DN, Rizk Y. Prevention and Treatment of Monkeypox. Drugs. 2022;82(9):957-963. doi:10.1007/s40265-022-01742-y
Adler H, Gould S, Hine P, et al. Clinical features and management of human monkeypox: a retrospective observational study in the UK. Lancet Infect Dis. 2022;22(8):1153-1162. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(22)00228-6
McCarthy MW. Therapeutic strategies to address monkeypox. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2022;20(10):1249-1252. doi:10.1080/14787210.2022.2113058
Russo AT, Grosenbach DW, Chinsangaram J, et al. An overview of tecovirimat for smallpox treatment and expanded anti-orthopoxvirus applications. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther. 2021;19(3):331-344. doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1819791
Nakoune E, Olliaro P. Waking up to monkeypox. BMJ. Published online May 25, 2022:o1321. doi:10.1136/bmj.o1321
Wold WS, Toth K. New drug on the horizon for treating adenovirus. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2015;16(14):2095-2099. doi:10.1517/14656566.2015.1083975
Fda. Tembexa (Brincidofovir). https://www.fda.gov/RegulatoryInformation/Guidances/default.htm.
Smee DF. Progress in the Discovery of Compounds Inhibiting Orthopoxviruses in Animal Models. Antivir Chem Chemother. 2008;19(3):115-124. doi:10.1177/095632020801900302
Velavan TP, Meyer CG. Monkeypox 2022 outbreak: An update. Tropical Medicine & International Health. 2022;27(7):604-605. doi:10.1111/tmi.13785
Chang CT, Thum CC, Lim XJ, Chew CC, Rajan P. Monkeypox outbreak: Preventing another episode of stigmatisation. Tropical Medicine & International Health. 2022;27(9):754-757. doi:10.1111/tmi.13798
Rabiul Islam Md, Hasan M, Rahman MS, Rahman MdA. Monkeypox outbreak – No panic and stigma; Only awareness and preventive measures can halt the pandemic turn of this epidemic infection. Int J Health Plann Manage. 2022;37(5):3008-3011. doi:10.1002/hpm.3539
CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology (DHCPP). Vaccines. Published July 8, 2022. Accessed December 3, 2022. https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/clinicians/vaccines.html
COONEY E. Safety of and immunological response to a recombinant vaccinia virus vaccine expressing HIV envelope glycoprotein. The Lancet. 1991;337(8741):567-572. doi:10.1016/0140-6736(91)91636-9