Keywords
Adenocarcinoma
Epidemiología
Factores de riesgo
Diagnóstico
Terapéutica Gallbladder neoplasms
Adenocarcinoma
Epidemiology
Risk factors
Diagnosis
Therapeutics
How to Cite
Abstract
Gallbladder adenocarcinoma is a rare disease, presented in 0.5 to 3% of all cholecystectomies, and is the leading malignant neoplasm of the biliary tract. It occurs more frequently in women, in the sixth decade of life, in patients with previous cholestasis and indigenous race. The diagnosis before surgery is rare, given the unspecified symptoms presenting, and also the poor capacities of the imaging diagnosis in the biliary diseases, especially when it presents in an early stage. In the last two decades the mortality has decreased due to an early surgical approach, as well as the advances in neoadjuvance therapies, however it is an aggressive disease and the mortality rate is high in advanced stages. In patients with in situ carcinoma and stage T1a the treatment is laparoscopic cholecystectomy with a 5 year survival greater than 95%. In patients with stage T1B or greater, there are controversies regarding the type of approach and benefits of adjuvance therapy with radio or chemotherapy, although there has been a better response in patients with lymph node involvement. This article reviews the current knowledge of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, risk factors and treatment of patients with gallbladder adenocarcinoma.
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