Palabras clave
Hipótesis de las grasas
Ácidos grasos poliinsaturados
Ácidos grasos monoinsaturados
Ácidos grasos saturados
Ácidos grasos de cadena corta Allergic disease
Fats hypothesis
Poly-unsaturated fatty acids
Mono-unsaturated fatty acids
Short-chain fatty acids
Cómo citar
Resumen
En las últimas cinco décadas se ha evidenciado un incremento alarmante en las tasas de prevalencia de las enfermedades alérgicas en el humano, tanto en países desarrollados como en vías de desarrollo, donde gran parte de la población afectada está representada por niños y jóvenes, en quienes se ha observado una mayor tendencia al aumento en las últimas dos décadas. Entre los múltiples factores e hipótesis planteados para explicar las diferencias geográficas observadas en las prevalencias de las enfermedades alérgicas y su incremento mundial, se encuentra la hipótesis de la dieta y enmarcada en esta, la hipótesis de las grasas, la cual señala que el consumo excesivo de ácidos grasos omega-6 y bajos de omega-3 principalmente en dietas occidentales y como resultado de intervenciones en prevención del riesgo cardiovascular, influiría en el desarrollo de las alergias y en el incremento de su prevalencia. La evidencia epidemiológica sugiere un papel modulador de ácidos grasos particulares de la dieta y de varios de sus metabolitos sobre el estado inflamatorio de tipo alérgico en el humano. El objetivo de la presente revisión será describir los efectos de algunos grupos de ácidos grasos de la dieta y de varios de sus metabolitos en la función de las células que participan en la respuesta alérgica.
Citas
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