Palabras clave
Serotonina
Receptores de serotonina
Serotoninérgicos
Diabetes mellitus
Farmacología Tryptophan
Serotonin
Receptors
Serotonin agents
Diabetes mellitus
Pharmacology
Cómo citar
Resumen
Revisión no sistemática de la literatura que aborda el rol del sistema serotoninérgico en la fisiopatología de la diabetes mellitus y las dianas farmacológicas relacionadas. Se describen la bioquímica y la fisiología de la 5-hidroxitriptamina (5HT), su transportador y las familias y subtipos de receptores 5HT en la acción reguladora del metabolismo de los carbohidratos, la secreción de insulina y glucagón, y el control del apetito en coactivación con la leptina. Se incluyeron estudios relacionados con el papel de la serotonina en el síndrome carcinoide y complicaciones vasculares diabéticas, así como estudios sobre la medición de metabolitos (ácidos 5-hidroxindolacético y ácido xanturénico) como potenciales biomarcadores de la diabetes. Finalmente se presenta la evidencia sobre el efecto hipoglucemiante de tres grupos de medicamentos reguladores del metabolismo de la serotonina: los inhibidores selectivos de la recaptación de serotonina, los agonistas de receptores 5HT y los antagonistas de receptores 5HT y de las enzimas 5-triptófano-hidroxilasa (Tph).
Citas
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