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Abstract
Introduction. The increase in the use of antibiotics and the growing bacterial resistance in the management of infectious diseases make a rigorous selection of antimicrobial agents essential.
Objective. Describe consumption patterns and antimicrobial resistance profiles in the pediatric population hospitalized in intensive care units, neonatology and hospitalization of a pediatric hospital in Bogotá.
Material and methods. A retrospective cohort study on consumption in physical units of 10 antimicrobials (Cefepime, Ceftriaxone, Ertapenem, Piperacillin / Tazobactam, Vancomycin, Meropenem, Cefazolin, Clindamycin, Oxacillin and Linezolid) through the rational program of antibiotic optimization through days of installed therapy. Resistance profiles for gram-positive and negative microorganisms were described in blood and urine cultures.
Results. 622 isolates were analyzed using WHONET; 484 blood cultures (77.8%) and 138 urine cultures (22.2%). Clindamycin was the antimicrobial with the highest consumption in intensive care units (553 DTI / 1000 bed days) and general hospitalization (78 DTI / 1000). In neonatology, it was Meropenem (142 DTI / 1000).. In blood cultures, greater resistance was reported in E. Coli to Ciprofloxacin, K. pneumoniae-Amp-C, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas to Meropenem. In urine cultures, E. coli and Proteus Mirabilis showed greater resistance.
Conclusion. The irrational use and resistance to antimicrobials in paediatrics is a public health problem. Implementing a rational antibiotic optimization program is a viable strategy in pediatric hospitals. The high resistance detected to carbapenems is a concern and requires the development of specific strategies.
References
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